جوانب من العادات الاجتماعية والأعياد الدينية في مدينة القدس أثناء الحكم الفاطمي (358 - 463هـ969 - 1071م)‎

الملخص EN

The religious status of Jerusalem and its Strategic location contributed to the increase in human influx, whether for religious or economic reasons, and this human influx, along with the human diversity in the city, made it a city of population polarization, where people from different nations and religions inhabited it, and the residents of the city of Jerusalem were divided during the covenant Ottoman to Muslims, Christians and Jews .The social conditions in the city of Jerusalem during the period of the Fatimid rule constituted one of the most important joints in the history of the relationship between the local forces and the Fatimid central authority in Egypt, and what it carried with it in laying the foundations for the political and functional role of some population formations in the city of Jerusalem.

This research dealt with the social conditions in the city of Jerusalem during the Fatimid era, by addressing the social cuStoms and some religious holidays of the population in the city of Jerusalem.

Hence, the research aims to monitor some social aspects of the Jerusalem community during the Fatimid rule of the city, and also aims to explore the most important social aspects regarding cuStoms and traditions and how they differed from them today, as well as knowing the most important religious holidays and some social celebrations that were taken a lot of attention by the people of Jerusalem.

The aim of the Study is to address important aspects of social life in sensitive circumstances in the history of Palestine and in important times, namely the period of the Fatimid rule, especially since the West began in this period to prepare to attack the Islamic East, especially Palestine, and the most important place in Palestine which is Jerusalem.

The aim of this Study is to show that the Palestinian society was a Stable society with roots in the land with many distinctive social characteristics such as cuStoms, traditions and holidays.

The importance of this Study also comes in that it deals with social and religious issues in a sensitive period in the history of Palestine in general and Jerusalem in particular.

The results of the Study showed that the relationship between the residents of Jerusalem in the Fatimid era was characterized by social cohesion and good treatment despite the different beliefs, whether they were Muslims, Christian sects or Jews.

The Study showed that many social cuStoms spread in the city of Jerusalem and cuStoms that did not exist, but came from the Fatimids when they came to the city, as well as many celebrations that did not exist in the city before the Fatimid rule, such as the celebration of Ashura and Ghadir Day.

In forming the social picture of the nature of Palestinian society in the period under Study, the researcher relied on the historical-analytical method based on reading what the researcher gathered from the primary sources and references, despite their scarcity.

Information was collected, classified, then Studied, analyzed and criticized, and what was appropriate for the context of events was taken.