تاريخ الاقتراض المعجمي و مصادره في العربية التراثية

الملخص EN

Lexical borrowing is a natural linguistic phenomenon among different linguistic systems.

The fundamentalists have always sought to draw impervious borders, aiming to immunize their mother languages against hybridization and linguistic contamination.

Such strict control, however, remains in vain, because words do not need visas and passports for migration, but rather recognize the dynamics of development and communication among peoples.

It is proved that the languages that deviated from this rule; seeking purity, remained isolated, poor, and unable to keep pace with civilization.

Classical Arabic, since ancient times, did not make any exception to the linguistic exchange because it was not in isolation from the nations with which the Arhad different contacts.

On this basis, the present research seeks to track the loanwords in Classical Arabic by detecting the most important pre-Islamic-era vocabulary imported from Greek, Latin, Aramaic, Syriac, Akkadian, Sumerian, Abyssinian, Hebrew and Persian, and in the linguistic testimony and argumentation sources of Classical Arabic, namely, the pre-Islamic poetry, the Holy Qur'an and the Prophetic Sayings.

Key words: lexical borrowing; testimony sources; pre-Islamic poetry; Holy Qur'an; prophetic sayings.