تكلفة استخدام الموارد الاقتصادية و مساهمتها في إجمالي الناتج الزراعي السعودي

الملخص EN

This research aims to estimate the cost of using agricultural economic resources and the extent of their contribution to the total agricultural output in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

In achieving its objectives, this research relied on economic equations and econometric analysis represented in estimating the production function of the agricultural sector using joint integration equations, In addition to Binomial Probability distribution.

This study revealed that despite the increase in the value of agricultural output, its contribution to the GDP decreased from 5.71% in 1990 to 2.23% in 2019, that is, it decreased at an annual rate of 4.3%.

It was also found that an increase of 10% for each of the crop area, agricultural employment, agricultural loans and the amount of water used for agricultural purposes leaded to an increase in agricultural income by 1.95%, 3.41%, 1.24%, and 2.04% each, respectively.

Agricultural employment was the most economic resource contributing to the total agricultural output, as it contributed by 39.5%, followed by water resources by 23.6%, crop area by 22.5%, and agricultural loans by 14.4% during the period 1990- 2019.

The average cost of using agricultural land (rent) was estimated at about 9.8 thousand riyals / hectare i.e.

4.9 thousand riyals for each productive season during the period 1990-2019.

As for the average cost of employing agricultural labor (wages), it amounted to 38.26 thousand riyals / worker, i.e.

an average of 3.19 thousand riyals / month during the study period.

The average cost of using water resources for agricultural purposes was 0.62 riyals / m 3 during the study period.

From the results of this study, it recommended that agricultural resources should be included in the framework of economic accounting, especially water resources, which are relatively scarce, in addition to the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture preparing a bulletin that is issued annually that includes the costs of using economic resources in the agricultural sector.