Components of divergence and convergence in the relations between Iran and the Ottoman Empire in the Qajar era (1795-1925 AD)‎

الملخص EN

Iran-Ottoman relations in the field of political, cultural, economic and trade relations from the beginning of the Safavid government to the middle of the Qajar era, whether in terms of Ottoman expansionism or Shiite and Sunni religious differences have been subject to ups and downs and conflicts and policies of tolerance.

.

These two countries, as two important and influential powers in the region, each with its own special and strategic position, has played an important role in its field and the way they communicate has always been considered by the great powers of the world at that time.

Attention to divergent and convergent elements in terms of political, religious, economic, cultural and social in the relations between Iran and the Ottoman Empire in the Qajar period to draw the framework and structure of relations between the two countries in this period.

Relations that, despite their continuity and long span of more than four centuries in this period, mostly centered on cultural, historical and religious commonalities, have brought the two nations closer.

During the Qajar period, the relations between the two countries can be structurally divided into two stages.

Find.

The second period of relations between us in the form of convergence, from the time of concluding the Treaty of Erzurum to the end of the Qajar dynasty, can be proposed with a new approach.

This division was done in a way according to the requirements of the time as a complement to each other by maintaining precedence and latency and influenced by the internal situation of the two countries on the one hand and on the other hand under the influence of global conditions.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to study and analyze the main components and indicators in the relations between Iran and the Ottoman Empire in the Qajar period, which ultimately seeks to achieve divergence and convergence factors in relations between the two countries.

Research method/ approach: The present research method is descriptive-analytical based on documentary and library sources.