A comparative study of the use of lexical bundles in academic writing by Iraqi and expert authors

الملخص EN

The research piece has gained a lot of attention from linguists who want to share their findings with academic writing instructors and advanced EFL/ESL writers, given the necessity of good communication among members of diverse academic fields.

Research article abstracts can be studied in terms of the frequency and use of lexical bundles, this study seeks to achieve a similar goal.

Linguists have been fascinated by common word combinations and multiword formulations over the past two decades.

The current study focuses on a specific sort of such word pairings known as lexical bundles, which are a set of three or more words that frequently occur in the same register (Biber, 2004).

There is a correlation between the frequency of lexical bundles in published research paper abstracts written by Iraqi and Expert writers in two different fields of study.

This study's corpus includes over 2000 research papers authored by two sets of writers from the disciplines of engineering and humanities.

In the 300,000-word corpus, the analysis showed significant a list of 4-word lexical bundles that appeared at least 30 times per million words (150,000 words for each of the two main corpora by Iraqi and Expert Writers).

Furthermore, for each of the bundles in the list, each of the two corpora was searched separately.

Iraqi writers use fewer lexical bundles than Expert writers, according to the data.

To look at it another way, Iraqi authors used a smaller variety of lexical bundles than Expert authors.

However, in the Iraqi corpus of abstracts, lexical bundles had a higher frequency of use.

The study found that Iraqi academic writers frequently used a small number of lexical bundles, while experts used a wider range of bundles with a lower token frequency.

It was found that the structural and functional use patterns of Iraqi and Expert writers' lexical bundle categories were similar despite the differences between the two main corpora.