عيسى بن صبيح المردار و أثره في التدوين

الملخص EN

The Mu'tazila is a religious movement that was founded in Basra in the first quarter of the second century AH/ eighth century AD, by Wasil bin Ataa (d.

131 AH/ 748 AD), and after that it became one of the most important theological schools in Islam.

In explaining their doctrine, the Mu'tazilites rely on irrefutable evidence, not imitation, the foremost of which is the evidence of the intellect that distinguishes between good and bad and by which it is known that the Book is an argument, as well as the Sunnah and consensus.

They prioritize reason because Allah Almighty did not address only the people of reason.

And since the Mu'tazila school appeared at that time, which is considered one of the advanced scientific and literary centers in the Arab Islamic state, where the general atmosphere was saturated with the effects of different cultures.

In addition, the era of retirement was characterized by being an era of controversy, discussion and victory for one opinion received for another opinion.

At a time when the conflicts were at the most intense between the various intellectual currents, where we find on the one hand that Muslims want the whole world to condemn their book, and the followers of other religions want to defend their religion in the face of this newly coming thought.

As a result of these differences, the Mu’tazila had assets and opinions that were unique to their men, and their division into groups.

Each group tried to connect their group with the “Messenger of Allah” and his companions, and the reason for that was to clarify that their opinions were not new, but rather belonged to the author of the message, and what his companions were upon, and that is what each of those did.” Al-Qadhy Abdul-Jabbar and “Ibn Al-Murtada” as they divided them into ten classes, and among them was the subject of our research, Abu Musa Issa bin Subaih Aba Al-Mardar, to whom the credit is due for the spread of the Mu’tazila in Baghdad.