Actinomycetes general characteristics and their role in soil, plant, and human health

الملخص EN

Actinomycetes are free, spore-forming, high (G+C) ratio (>55%) saprophytic microorganisms that are widely distributed in most soils, colonize plants, and are prevalent in water.

This is frequently accompanied by the production of filament airborne mycelium.

Actinomycetes are well-known microcolonies for creating antibiotics and other critical bioactive components that are beneficial to humans.

Approximately 70% to 80% of commercially available medications and antiviral active compounds have been synthesized so far.

Secondary metabolites produced by microbes have the potential to be used in a variety of sectors, including antimicrobial agents, enzyme technology, pigment manufacture, antitumor agents against cancer cells, and toxin production.

antiviral medications, protein innovation, pigment production, generally pro agents, and toxin creation.

Around 7000 botanical extracts that come from actinomycetes' bioactive molecules were added to the list of natural products.

Pollution may be defined as an introduction of unwanted and unacceptable compounds into the natural system which in turn may prevent natural processes in environment and may have undesirable health effects Biotechnological applications are helpful to obtain microbial strains with high efficiency toward pollution control.

The genetic engineering approaches and strain improvement techniques are useful to develop a microbial system with a good ability to degrade environmental pollutants.

The sake of bioremediation there requires several genetic systems to be exploited, additionally, the strain utilized in study was improved through a variety of techniques, including immobilization and mutation.

Actinomycetes perform a variety of environmental functions.

these are epiphytic bacteria that digest inorganic debris, notably complicated polymers like chitosan, keratin, hemi-cellulose, synthetic rubber, cellulose nanocrystals, gelatin, and glucose, as well as some active ingredients found in soil, also crucial in rhizosphere plant link because they can control plant life and shield plant roots from toxic fungus.

Actinomycetes also break down pesticides with a large number of different structures, like organochlorine pesticides, triazinones, s-triazines, organophosphorus, esters, acetanilides, organophosphonates, and sulfonylureas, which are all types of pesticides.

Modern technology and biotechnological equipment advancements have led to creation of a number of highly integrated software-based strategies for maximizing final product generation in any bioreactor or process.

The Analytical Method (RSM), when combined with a relevant analysis design, seems to be a relatively recent development and critical technique for accomplishing this goal.