ميراث الأنثى في القوانين الوضعية القديمة

الملخص EN

The study dealt with female inheritance in ancient positive laws, such as Pharaonic, Babylonian, Roman, and pre-Islamic Arab law.

The study aimed to address the issue through a presentation and analysis of female inheritance in these systems using the inductive and comparative analytical approach.

The most important results of the study were: "Pharaonic law was distinguished in dealing with female inheritance- the female in Pharaonic Egypt sometimes inherited more than the male or an equal share to himthe female did not lose her right to seize her share of the estate except when she submitted to the authority of her husband or the eldest son- absolute equality returned between all males and females in Inheritance rights in law The Pharaonic era of Bakchoris- The Ptolemy's did not do justice to the female, and did not give her full rights to inheritance- Ptolemaic law did not equal all sons in inheritance- the female did not inherit in Ptolemaic law except when there was no male- the female’s right to inheritance improved in Ptolemaic law when it was felt The Ptolemaic fathers are the result of mixing In the civilizations of neighboring peoples, they were unfair to females by depriving them of inheritance- that the female had no importance to the Romans, so she was under permanent guardianship, and she had no right to inheritance- the Roman law was unfair to the female when it deprived her of her right to dowry- it was a consequence of marriage to the sovereign in the Roman era The female loses all her rights InheritanceRoman law prohibited a female from inheriting when she reached fifty years of age and did not have a child.

The position of the female improved after the development of Roman law, so it became forbidden for the father to deprive his heirs, or any of them, of inheritance absolutely without right".