التوصيف الشكلي والجزيئي باستخدام تقنية Issr لبعض أصناف الفستق الحلبي السورية والتونسية

الملخص EN

This study was conducted at the research station and labs of ACSAD during 2017-2019.

In the present study, morphological and molecular variations using ISSR technology were studied for six varieties under the conditions of the southern region of Syria in Izra Station - Daraa Governorate.

Three varieties were Syrian (Achouri, Batory, and Batory Izra) and three Tunisian (Mater, Kesar, and Mknasy), which were characterized morphologically and then molecularly.

It was noted that there is a large variation among the varieties in plant lets form (semi-standing in the Ashory and Mater varieties and drooping in Albatori, while semi- drooping in Batory Izra, and standing to medium in Mknasy and Kesar) and the degree of branching (low branching in Ashory and Mater varieties, and medium in Batory and Batory Izra, and high in Mknasy and Kesar).

The maturity date of fruits (early maturity in Ashory, Mater and Batory, medium in Batory Izra, medium to late maturity in Kesar, and Mknasy).

as well as in the specifications of the fruits in terms of color and weight where the largest weight of the fruits in Batory Izra variety, reached 3.85g, superior to the other Studied varieties.

Also found that significant differences among most of the studied varieties in parts of the fruit, percentage of split nuts and net rate of fruits.

In another wise the analyses result of ISSR technique shows a large variation among of the studied varieties molecularly, where the phylogenetic dendrogram separated into two main clusters.

The first cluster included only the Syrian variety (Batory Izra).

And the second cluster contained two groups, the first group consisted the two Tunisian varieties (Kesar and Mknasy) while the other group consisted the Syrian varieties (Batory and Ashory) and the Tunisian variety (Mater).