دراسة تأثير العملية التصنيعية في خصائص جودة الخبز المحضر من أنواع الدقيق الناتج عن القمح السوري (دوما3، (دوما6)‎ ومحتواه من العناصر المعدنية الصغرى

الملخص EN

This research was conducted at the laboratories of Food Science Department and Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, including evaluating the chemical and processing properties of the double-layered Arabic bread prepared from the flour types produced by grinding two types of local wheat and their microminerals content.

The analysis of the chemical properties of the bread samples showed that there were significant differences in all the studied indicators.

An increase in the flour extraction rate was associated with a significant increase in ash, proteins, lipids and crude fibers, and a significant decrease in moisture and starch.

The bread samples manufactured from the types of flour resulting from the milling of the durum wheat variety Douma3 had higher chemical properties in terms of moisture, ash, proteins, lipids and fibers, and lower starch compared to the bread samples manufactured from the types of flour resulting from milling the soft wheat variety Douma6.

Moreover, the results of the analysis of variance showed a decrease in the diameter of bread loaf and an increase in loaf thickness and loaf weight with a higher flour extraction rate.

On the other hand, the content of microminerals was in the following order (Fe > Zn = Mn > Cu > Co) for all bread samples, and the concentration of minerals varied significantly between bread samples prepared from different milling parts of the two studied wheat cultivars, and the bread samples from whole wheat flour were the highest in general in the content of micromineral elements, and it was noted that iron was the main flour element in bread.

The manufacturing process (conversion of flour into Arabic bread) led to a highly significant variation in the percentage of losses in micromineral elements between the types of flour and the two types of wheat, and the percentage of losses reached (57.17%) for copper, (52.67%) for cobalt, (29.68%) for zinc, (17.24%) for manganese and (14.38%) for iron.