الإطار القانوني للمسئولية الجزائية لأعمال البنوك

الملخص EN

Banks are considered one of the pillars of the national economy in the country, by collecting money from savers and placing them for investment, due to the fact that they are a financial institutions based on a number of principles and regulations in dealing with customers and the foundations on which they depend in collecting money, and deposits are among the most important of these foundations, because they are considered support.

The main reason that helps in the operation of banks, and this role made them more targeted by people who violate the regulations, the reason that led the legislator to pay special attention to them, by setting the legal rules that regulate them, such as the laws regulating banking work that exist in all countries, which are laws that regulate the banking process that it makes banks successful financial institutions, and since the field of banks and the nature of their work affects the economy, therefore, every banking violation or crime leads to compromising the state's economy and then leads to citizens' distrust of banking institutions, and based on the principle of equality between ordinary and legal persons in the process of legal question, it must establishing penalties for each bank that violates the law, and from here we find that the penal responsibility is compared to the bank's freedom of dealing.

Therefore, the legislator took over the regulation of the banking sector by imposing laws regulating the banking profession and other special laws that represent the legal and legislative frameworks upon which banks rely in their work system and they must observe them so that they are not exposed to criminal liability by committing violations that represent crimes and the criminal responsibility here includes the bank As a legal person, as well as its users, due to the need to preserve the authority of the penal law, because the criminal responsibility is based on violating the legal rules related to the protection of the banking profession, and it represents the legal framework for the penal responsibility in the field of banks, which the legislation worked to pay attention to in order to organize banks for their work.

Those banks adhere to these legislative frameworks so as not to be subjected to punitive deterrence in accordance with the penal provisions imposed on the bank, and from this point of view comes our study, which is related to the study of the legal framework of the penal responsibility of banks and the consequences of banking crimes when violating these frameworks that lead to the penal question of banks.