Effects of different pruning techniques on growth, yield and fruit quality of Olinda valencia orange (Citrus sinensis)‎ trees

الملخص EN

The control of the electronic throttle in the internal combustion engines for vehicles has gained importance significantly over the past few years.

Throttle control strategies aim to improve the engine performance as per the acceleration, fuel consumption and vehicle drivability.

In this study and towards improving the electronic throttle performance, an integrated feedback control system with proportional-Integral-derivative (PID) controller is designed.

Moreover, hardware-in-loop simulation model is designed and developed.

An experimental work that is based on real time simulation is performed using dSPACE1104 (digital signal processing for control environment) controller board as control test platform.

Matlab is used as modeling environment in order to study the characteristic performance of the control strategy.

The experimental results show an acceptable and good performance of the strategy under different operating conditions in increasing the acceleration, decreasing the fuel consumption and improving the drivability.