Improved two-factor authenticated key exchange protocol

الملخص EN

Quite recently, two smart-card-based passwords authenticated key exchange protocols were proposed by Lee et al.

and Hwang et al.

Respectively.

However, neither of them achieves two-factor authentication fully since they would become completely insecure once one factor is broken.

To overcome these congenital defects, this study proposes such a secure authenticated key exchange protocol that achieves fully two-factor authentication and provides forward security of session keys.

And yet our scheme is simple and reasonably efficient.

Furthermore, we can provide the rigorous proof of the security for it.