تأثير مواعيد الزراعة في نسبة و حاصل و مكونات الزيت الطيار لنبات الكراوية

الملخص EN

A field experiment was conducted at the field of the Department of Field Crop Science, College of Agriculture \ University of Baghdad during two winter successive seasons of 2007\ 2008 and 2008\ 2009.

The objective was to study the effect of sowing dates 5\10, 15\10, 5\11 and 15\11 on two cultivars of common caraway (Iraqi) and Balady (Egyptian).

RCBD was used under factorial experiment with three replicates.

Results showed that the second date (15/10) was superior in volatile oil yield of 32.21 and 32.44 l.h-1, for each season, respectively.

Iraqi cultivar gave significantly higher volatile oil yield of 27.44 and 29.07 l.h-1.

GC/FID method separated 11-13 terpenoid components.

They had different RIs by differing of sowing dates and cultivar.

Sowing of Balady at 15/11 gave highest RI of carvone of 59.82%.while sowing common Iraqi cultivar at 15/10 gave highest RI of limonene of 55.12%.

GC/MS separated 23-29 compounds from common Iraqi cultivar and 31-32 compounds from Balady.

Sowing common Iraqi cultivar at 15/10 gave highest RI of carvone of 71.49%.

Sowing of Balady at 5/11 was superior in RI of limonene of 38.12%.

It was concluded that the best sowing date was the second one (15/10) , the best cultivar was common Iraqi cultivar and the best separation method was GC/MS.

Therefore, it recommended to sow Iraqi common upto 15/10 and use GC/MS method to separate volatile oil components.