قياس خط الفقر من منظور الأسر الريفية في الأردن : دراسة تحليلية

الملخص EN

Families in the rural regions of Jordan lack the knowledge of their own perspectives towards poverty and its causes.

This is due to not using the method of personal poverty line for specifying the level of poverty to the poor families.

Therefore, this study aims at specifying the Leyden Poverty Line and measuring the perspectives of those families in explaining poverty and its causes.

This study covers basically the Jordanian southern rural regions.

To achieve the above mentioned goal, data are collected by means of a questionnaire face-to-face structured interview distributed to (217) families that were selected randomly from nine villages in the southern part of the Jordan Valley.

The analytic descriptive statistics method was used as well as ANOVA for contrast analysis.

In addition, Man-Whitney Test, Pearson Correlation Test and Factor Analysis were used to achieve the aim of this study.

The study concludes that there is no statistical significant difference between poor families and non-poor families.

The abject poverty line for the families living in abject poverty rated as 12JD (17$) monthly per person, while it rated as 14JD (20$) for families classified as "poor", as for the families who don’t live in poverty the abject poverty line is monthly 17JD (24$) per person.

With regard to Leyden Poverty Line for abject, poor families rated as 28JD (39$) JD monthly per person, 33JD (46$) for poor and 40JD (56$) for families who don't live in poverty.

The main causes for poverty are: Lack of jobs, large families, the old age of the father, the handicapped father or his death.

The results of the exploratory factor analyses reveal that there are three factors of poverty: (1) structural factor which is the most important one in explaining poverty, (2) individual factor and (3) fatalistic factor.

This study relates positively to the other international research conducted previously on the developing countries which concludes the importance of structural factors in explaining the beliefs of people and their perspectives on poverty and its causes.

On the other hand, these factors ranked differently with reference to their importance, especially in the industrial countries such as the USA and Australia where the personal factors play the major role in identifying poverty and its causes in those places.

Therefore, this result shows the difference in beliefs among members towards poverty at the economic and development levels.