تحديد خصائص موجة برد (المربعانية)‎ في مناخ العراق

الملخص EN

Al-Marba'aniyah, which is a long cold wave, was defined by ancient Iraqis.

It represents the coldest days in Iraq.

In this research paper, a new scale was put to define it.

It shows that the period between the minimum temperature degree recoded in December and the minimum temperature degree recorded in January is considered to be the period of Al-Marba'aniyah.

The research concluded that Al-Marba'aniyah is unsteady and it changes in the days of its occurrence.

It was also concluded that the dates of the beginning and the end of Al-Marba'aniyah are unsteady, too.

Moreover, it was found out that each of the Siberian high, European high, and finally the subtropical high are the responsible systems for the beginning and the end of Al- Marba'aniyah.

In addition to this, it was concluded that during the evolution of Al- Marba'aniyah, the tropical ridge (Geopotential high 500 mb) enormously associates with the surface high pressure and that, during the decay of Al- Al-Marba'aniyah, the cold troughs enormously associates with the surface high pressure.