Irrigation scheduling for some wheat cultivars through pan evaporation norms and its effect on growth, yield and water use efficiency

الملخص EN

A field experiment was executed during the successive two seasons of 2003 / 2004 and 2004 / 2005 at Giza Agric.

Res.

Station.

The study aimed to identify the most effective coefficient of daily pan evaporation records (selected from 1.4, 1.2, 1.0 and 0.8) in scheduling the irrigation for some wheat cultivars namely Sids 1, Gemmeiza 7, Sakha 93 and Giza 168 in order to maximize crop and water productivity.

The obtained results could be summarized as follows :- 1-The growth characters of plant height and leaf area index were significantly influenced due to the adopted irrigation regimes and generally, tended to increase as the coefficient of pan evaporation was records increased.

In addition, Gemmeiza 7 cultivar surpassed the other tested wheat cultivars to increase such characters.

2-No of grains / spike and 1000-grain weight traits exhibited similar trends since scheduling irrigation according to 1.2 pan evaporation coefficient (PEC) resulted higher figures for such characters.

Gemmeiza 7 surpassed the other tested wheat cultivars to increase such traits.

The trait of No of spikes / m2 exhibited different trend since higher values were recorded under 1.0 and 1.2 PEC in first and second seasons, respectively.

Sids 1 and Gemmeiza 7 cultivars were superior to produce the highest No.

of spikes / m2 in the first and second seasons, respectively.

3-Straw yield seemed to increase with increasing the value of PEC and Gemmeiza 7 cultivar is still superior to increase such trait more than the other tested wheat cultivars.

The highest grain yield was obtained as irrigation was practiced according to 1.2 PEC and tended to reduce under the other assessed PEC treatments and this finding was true in two seasons study.

4-All of agronomic, yield and yield components traits were significantly influenced as the adopted irrigation regimes interacted with the wheat cultivars under study.

5- number of applied irrigations and water consumptive use (Cu) were increased as the value of PEC increased.

Moreover, Cu for wheat crops was significantly differed due to wheat cultivars, and Sids 1 consumed more water than the other tested wheat cultivars.

6- The lowest Water Use Efficiency (WUE) was recorded under 1.4 PEC, comparable to the other tested PEC values.

Values of PEC i.

e.

1.2, 1.0 and 0.8 exhibited similar WUE values in first season, while in second season, WUE tended to decrease as PEC value decreased.

Gemmeiza 7 surpassed the other tested wheat cultivars to produce more grain yield per the unit of the consumed water, and this was true in the two seasons of study.