Impact of some pesticides on soil pollution

العناوين الأخرى

تأثير بعض المبيدات في تلوث التربة

مقدم أطروحة جامعية

Khidr, Shilan Mustafa

مشرف أطروحة جامعية

al-Attar, Mustafa Sabir
Sarmamy, Abd al-Ghani Umar Ismail

أعضاء اللجنة

Ismail, Nazim J.
Ganjo, Dilshad G. A.
Rashid, Khasraw Abd Allah
Hamid, Bahaddin Salih

الجامعة

جامعة صلاح الدين

الكلية

كلية العلوم

القسم الأكاديمي

قسم علم الأحياء

دولة الجامعة

العراق

الدرجة العلمية

ماجستير

تاريخ الدرجة العلمية

2011

الملخص الإنجليزي

The present study was conducted in the glass house and laboratories of Biology department, college of Science, university of Salahaddin-Hawler, during the period from 1st of December 2009 until 1st October 2010.

The main objectives were to study the effect of four commonly used pesticides (Treflan, Glyphosate, Ridomil and cyrin C) in Kurdistan regions on germination percentage, vegetative growth characteristics, nodulation (in faba bean), and nutrient status as well as pesticide residues in wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba) plants, addition to some soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties including total bacterial and total fungal counts per gram dry soil, in addition to soil nutritional status and determination of pesticide residues in soil extracts using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Factorial experiments were applied using completely randomized design with four replications.

Comparisons of the means were made using Duncan’s Multiple Range test at the level of 0.05 of significant.

The results showed that Treflan caused significant decrease in number of nodules per plant, number of branches, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight in bean plants, and significantly reduced plant contents of potassium (K), sodium (Na), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and calcium (Ca) of bean plants.

Treflan also reduced the number of tillers per plant, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight, root dry weight and plant contents of total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) in wheat plants significantly.

While, Cyrin C reduced the plant contents of N and Mn in bean plants.

Moreover, Cyrin C caused reduction in iron content of soil samples at the end of study.

Regarding Ridomil effects, it Ridomil decreases number of branches per plant in bean plants, root dry weights of both beans and wheat plants significantly, and reduced the plant contents of N, Na, Mn in bean plants III significantly and caused significant increase in P and Mn contents of wheat plant samples.

Regarding to Glyphosate, it was seen that Glyphosate caused significant decrease in number of tillers per plant, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight in bean and wheat plants and increased the contents of N, P, Na and decrease Fe contents significantly in wheat plants.

Also caused significant increase in soil content of P but caused significant decrease in soil Na content.

In case of the effects on bacteria and fungi counts in the soil, after one month of pesticide application to the soil, Treflan, Cyrin, Ridomil and Glyphosate caused a significant reduction in bacterial counts in the soil.

After three months of pesticide application, Treflan, Ridomil caused significant reduction in bacterial counts.

Regarding to the effects of pesticides on soil fungi counts, after one month of pesticide application, treflan caused significant reduction in fungal counts in the soil, but Ridomil caused a significant increase in fungal counts in the soil.

After three months of pesticide application, Ridomil and Cyrin caused significant decrease in fungal counts in the soil but Glyphosate were caused a significant increase in fungal counts in the soil.

Regarding to pesticide residues in both plant and soil samples after three months of pesticide treatments, residues of Metalaxyl (Ridomil) and chlorpyrifos were detected in samples of bean and wheat plants.

But in soil samples the residues of chlorpyrifos was detected according to HPLC chromatogram.

In case of the effects of pesticide treatments on seed germination, Treflan was reduced the wheat seed germination percentage significantly and delayed the germination to 15 days, after 15 days the germination was only 8%.

Cyrin C caused reduction in wheat seed germination, but Ridomil and Glyphosate were increased wheat seed germination percentages.

All pesticide treatments delayed bean seed germination comparing with control.

After 15 days of planting seed germination in Treflan, Cyrin C, Ridomil and Glyphosate treatments were 40, 68, 72, and 68 percentages respectively compared with 72 % of control.

IV Results from the present study showed that the investigated pesticides can translocate from contaminated soils into the plant tissues and can accumulate.

However, the studied plants were showed different sensitivity responses to pesticide treatments.

التخصصات الرئيسية

علوم الأرض و المياه و البيئة

الموضوعات

• الجوانب البيئية
• تلوث التربة
• التلوث

عدد الصفحات

121

قائمة المحتويات

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

لغة النص

الإنجليزية

نوع البيانات

رسائل جامعية

رقم السجل

BIM-311011