Structural contexts and paradiplomacy of Iraqi Kurdistan

الملخص EN

Iraqi Kurdistan’s paradiplomacy has been unprecedented, both in terms of scope and in relationships.

It has been direct and relatively autonomous in that the Kurdish administration often deploys its own domestic and 'foreign-service' channels and machinery in pursuit of its own objectives.

Domestic structural contexts; namely constitutional framework, level of regional autonomy and intergovernmental relations, play a relatively important role in shaping and explaining Kurdistan’s paradiplomacy as they provide opportunities for action while imposing constraints.