بدايات الفكر الجمهوري في العراق 1908-1921 : دراسة تاريخية

الملخص EN

The main target of this research is to follow the stages of the emergence of the idea of republican form of government from its very beginning, yet there were many elements from different estates thinker, educated, few of heads of clans.

This first opportunity for the mobilization of politically-minded people with fundamental activity like najei shokat .

hussain al-rahal notable poet maruf al-rasafi those who formed what so called the political elite who believed in constitutional, democratic parliamentary republic , one of them was al-rahal who called for a constitutional republic even before the emergence of the constitutional movement in Iran and ottoman empire ( 1908 ).

The holy najaf become cultural center or conference attended by young intellectuals, liberal and conservative and religious ideological and layman thus it become obvious that political theater of najaf contained all talents The Anglo-French declaration of which professed adherence to the wishes of the people under direct rule of them.

This declaration that dated 7th October 1918 lead to divide the Iraqi national movement in tow groups, monarchies and republican.

The Cairo conference in which w.

chirchill chairman of the political committee agreed upon Faysal as the most suitable ruler for Iraq.

Sir percy cox clearly said.

That complete consolation of the whishes of the inhibition by means of representative assembly as to the nature of permanent government was impossible before setup the machinery of the future government he deem it as essential to initiate immediately some form of national government regardless of the unfavorable conditions.

Talib al-naqib was the real rivals to Faysal after little later from his exile ( cylon ) in February 1920 become Avery active supporter the British administration knowing that the britsh were searching for ruler for Iraq with his position as minister of the interior so he continued to press his candid .

Philby encouraged him to hope for British backing so it was a good pretax to arrest him and to get rid of Philby .

so the idea of republic regime impaired.