Hydrogeological and hydrochemical assessment of groundwater in Khartoum District, Central Sudan

مقدم أطروحة جامعية

Kudoda, Ahmad Muhammad al-Hadi Muhammad

مشرف أطروحة جامعية

Majbul, Adil Billah

الجامعة

جامعة أم درمان الإسلامية

الكلية

كرسي اليونسكو للمياه

دولة الجامعة

السودان

الدرجة العلمية

ماجستير

تاريخ الدرجة العلمية

2011

الملخص الإنجليزي

The study area lies in Khartoum District, it bounded by longitudes 32° 27'48" N and 32° 41'00" N and latitudes 15° 24'42.05" E and 15°36'44" E.

It is characterized by arid to semi- arid climate.

The objective of this study was to identify and assess the hydrogeological and hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater by using geological, hydrogeological, and hydrochemical methods.

The methodology included the field work and computer software programs.

The geological units have been distinguished in the study area are the Cretaceous Nubian Sandstone Formation, Tertiary basalt, Quaternary Gezira Formation and Superficial Deposits.

The water bearing aquifers are found in Gezira and Cretaceous Nubian Formations.

Two water bearing aquifers were found in Gezira Formation namely; upper and lower Gezira aquifers.

They consist of sand, gravels and clay layers with kanker nodules.

The thickness of the Gezira aquifers is varies from 17 to 45m.

The ground water in Gezira aquifers occurs under unconfined to semi confined conditions due to presence of intercalated clay layers.

Similarly, two water bearing formations are found in Cretaceous Nubian formation namely, upper and lower Cretaceous Nubian aquifers.

They consist of sandstone, conglomerate and mud stone.

The thickness of the Cretaceous Nubian aquifers is varies from 22 to 81m.

The ground water in the Cretaceous Nubian aquifers occurs under semi confined to confined condition due to confining mudstone layer, overlying the aquifers.

Transmissivity values in Gezira aquifers vary from 45.6 to 493m2/d according to Thesis’s method and from 74.4 to 765 m2/d according to Cooper’s & Jacob's method; whereas that of Cretaceous Nubian aquifers V varies from 45 to 1040 m2 / d according to Thesis’s method and from 45.1 to 938 m2 / d according to Cooper’s & Jacob's method.

The hydraulic conductivity values of Gezira aquifers vary from 1.62 to 29 m / d according to Thesis’s method and from 1.72 to 45 m / d according to Cooper’s & Jacob's method ; whereas that of Cretaceous Nubian aquifers varies from 0.727 to 21.4m / d according to Thesis’s method and from 0.727 to 19.1 m / d according to Cooper’s & Jacob's method.

The water level in Gezira aquifers revealed a cone of depression in Soba in comparison with other areas.

This is due to intensive pumping in the area which has huge industry with great groundwater demand.

The water level in Cretaceous Nubian aquifers revealed low level in center of the study area in comparison with other parts.

This is due to the far distance from the sources of the recharge (Blue and White Niles), which confirmed that the source of recharge of the aquifers is mainly the two Niles.

The cations and anions concentrations in the groundwater are within the allowed limits, except the areas which have high concentration of Sodium (Na) and Sulfate (SO4) than the allowed limits in Gezira aquifers and Cretaceous Nubian aquifers.

This is due to concentration of the evaporite rocks and kanker nodules in layer of Gezira aquifers as well as leaching processes through the flow paths.

التخصصات الرئيسية

علوم الأرض و المياه و البيئة

الموضوعات

• المياه الجوفية
• السودان
• الخرطوم

عدد الصفحات

85

قائمة المحتويات

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

لغة النص

الإنجليزية

نوع البيانات

رسائل جامعية

رقم السجل

BIM-362756