Effect of sorbitol on callus induction and somatic embryos regeneration in two local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‎ cultivars

الملخص EN

-A series of experiments were conducted in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Biology - College of Education for Pure Science – University of Basrah.

Two local wheat varieties cultivars named Dor29 and Fateh were evaluated to determine the impact of 0, 10, 20 and 30 g.lP-1P sorbitol for callus induction and somatic embryos regeneration.

Mature seeds of the tested cultivars were selected as explants for callus induction and regeneration on MS medium with Gambrog vitamins containing 30 g.lP-1P sucrose, 5 g.lP-1P agar, 2 mg.lP-1P BA and 1 mg.lP-1P 2,4-D.

Results were showed that sorbitol at 20 g.lP-1 Phad a significant effect on callus fresh weight; mean globular somatic embryos number with no significant difference between the two cultivars under investigation.

The obtained results from our study suggested that the optimal callus induction medium was MS + Gambrog vitamins + 30 g.lP-1P sucrose + 20 g.lP-1P sorbitol + 2 mg.lP-1P BA + 1 mgP-P2,4-D + 5 g.lP-1P agar ,while maximum number of somatic embryos formed at the same previous medium with the amition of BA and 2,4-D.

Key words: Wheat, sorbitol, callus, somatic embryos.