Immunohistochemical expression of cyclin D1 and NF-KB p65 in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma : comparative study

الملخص EN

Background : Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucosal disease, presenting in various clinical forms WHO had regarded OLP as a precancerous conditions in 1978 because of its potential with cancer.

Both antigenspecific and nonspecific mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of OLP.

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity representing more than 94 % of oral cancer.

It occurs in different sites and has many etiological factors.

Cyclin Dl is a proto-oncogene which consider as the key protein in the regulation of cell proliferation and its overexpression led to the occurrence and progression of malignant tumors.NF-KB p65 is a member ofNF-kB family of transcription factors that widely used by eukaryotic cells as a regulator of genes that control cell proliferation and cell survival, also plays a major role in inflammation.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Cyclin D1 & NF-KB p65 in OLP & OSCC & to correlate the expression of the studied markers with the clinic pathological findings and with each other.

Materials and Methods : Fifty (50) formalin–fixed, paraffin–embedded blocks of both Oral Lichen Planus (25 cases) & Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (25 cases) were collected pro- and retrospectively were included in this study.

Hematoxylin & Eosin stain was performed for each block for reassessment of histopathological examination.

An immunohistochemical staining was performed using anti Cyclin D1 and anti NF-KB p65 monoclonal antibodies.

Results : Of twenty five OLPstudied cases, positive Cyclin D1 & NF-KB p65 expression was found in (84 %) and (88 %) of the cases respectively.

For OSCC, out of 25 studied cases, positive Cyclin D1 & NF-KB p65 expression was observe in (88 %) and (96 %) of cases respectively.

Statistically significant correlation between Cyclin D1immuno-reactivity and clinical presentation of OLP was found.

Statistically significant correlation of Cyclin D1 immunoreactivity with tumor grade andNF-kBp65 immunoreactivity with tumor stage in OSCC cases was found.

Statistically a highly significant correlation between the expression of two studied markers in OLP and OSCC was found.

Conclusion : A highly significant correlation was seen regarding the expression of both markers with each other, suggesting their cooperative role in the pathogenesis of OLP and OSCC.