Organogenesis and cormel production from callud culture of gladiolus spp. CV.

الملخص EN

Callus was initiated from leaves of Gladiolus spp.

cv ‘Balady* on MS medium containing 4.5^M naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.5 jaM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2.3 |jM kinetin.

Organogenesis from callus was induced on media containing 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10 jiM of either benzylaminopurine (BA), kinetin or thidi-azuron (TDZ).

Increased levels ofTDZ, BA or kinetin in the liquid medium significantly enhanced shoot number.

Higher levels of daminozide (B-9 or paclobutrazoi (PP333) enhanced the percentage of plants with cormels and increased the number of shoots per explant.

Sucrose concentration at 5 % with kinetin or BA in the medium significantly increased the frequency of cormel formation and shoot proliferation.

Connels dormancy was broken by storing them at 5 C for one month or by soaking them for 5 minutes within a solution containing 50 mg/1 gibberelic acid (GA3).

NAA was more effective for rooting than either indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or indole-3-acetic acid (I A A), and root number increased with higher concentrations of these rooting hormones.

Rooted microshoots where successfully acclimatized in ex vitro conditions and grown in a greenhouse.

Plants produced from in vitro propagation showed morphological characteristics'similar to plants propagated by direct corm planting in the greenhouse.

Keywords: Corm, Gladiolus, in vitro, organogenesis, proliferation, regeneration.

Abbreviations: B-9 = daminozide, BA = 6 - benzylaminopurine, IAA = indole-3-acetic acid, IBA = indole-3- butyric acid, NAA ; naphthaleneacetic acid, PP333 = paclobutrazoi.

TDZ = Thidiazitron, (N-phenyl-N- l,23,jthidiazol-5~yl urea), 2,4-D = 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,