Etiology, pathology of thyroid diseases in al-Dewania City and their effects on management

الملخص EN

Background : Most of thyroid disease caused by iodine deficiency which result in diffuse enlargement that progress into multinodular goiter (MNG) as the response to high TSH is heterogeneous.

it is essential for proper treatment of goiter in most of cases to know its cause.

The aim of the study : is to show the importance of etiology of goiter on its management to avoid the bad practice of doing surgery for goiter without accurate diagnosis of its cause as this practice results in unnecessary or even harmful surgery .the study also show the frequency of some of complications of MNG which are of great value on its management to give opinion about benign course of the disease.

Material and Method : The study is retrospective which collect 400 cases of thyroid diseases that operated upon them in Aldewania Hospital during 3 years.

Results : of 400 caes, 286 are caused by simple mulinodular goiter which affect females in 85 % of cases.53 are caused by neoplasm and 24 cases are thyroditis.

Discussion : the most common cause of goiter is simple multinodular goiter which must manage by conservative management specially in young females in 60-70 % of cases, complicated by carcinoma in 2 % and by toxic goiter in 5 % and most of cases are of small size and not caused mechanical obstruction.

Conclusion : the commonest disease of thyroid is MNG, the disease in aldewania is mild and not need surgery in most of cases and the incidences of complications in form of carcinoma and thyrotoxicity are small.