تأثير إضافة مستويات مختلفة من الأملاح و العناصر المعدنية في صفات كالس و أجنة نخيل التمر Phoenix dactylifera L. صنف الشريفي المكثر نسيجيا

الملخص EN

The present study was undertaken at tissue culture Laboratory-date Palm research Center of Basrah University from 2009 till 2010 to determine the effect of ammonium and MS salts on some characteristics of callus and somatic embryos of date palm phoenix dactilifera L.

cv.shereve by in vitro.

Four concentrations of MS saltswere used (zero ,0.5 ,1 and 1.5)and three concentrations of Ammonium nitrate were used (zero,0.5, l strength) the results showed that addition the MS saltsat a concentration of full strength and ammonium nitrate at concentration of 1/2 strength led to significant increase in the average of fresh weight of embryogenic callus, number of somatic embryos (354.33,321.75mg/gm fresh weight) respectively, while number of somatic embryos were( 10.94,11.17) embryos respectively and the results showed that the percentages of vitrification were decreased in the media supplemented with half strength of MS salts26.37% also the percentage of virtification were decreased in the media supplemented with free ammonium nitrate( 22.29%).

The best percentage of vitrification were in the media supplemented with half strength of potassium and ammonium nitrate 15.24%.at the last the results showed that the total soluble phenols were decreased in the media supplemented with little concentration of potassium and ammonium nitrate, it reach( 0.18) mg/gm dry weight in the media supplemented with half strength of potassium nitrate, while reach 0.18 mg/gm dry weight in the media supplemented with half strength of ammonium nitrate.

The best result was obtained in the media that supplemented with half strength of potassium and ammonium nitrate it reached( 0.15) mg/gm dry weight.