CD8+ T-Cell Deficiency, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Steps to Autoimmunity : A Unifying Hypothesis
المؤلف
المصدر
العدد
المجلد 2012، العدد 2012 (31 ديسمبر/كانون الأول 2012)، ص ص. 1-16، 16ص.
الناشر
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
تاريخ النشر
2012-01-24
دولة النشر
مصر
عدد الصفحات
16
التخصصات الرئيسية
الملخص EN
CD8+ T-cell deficiency is a feature of many chronic autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, vitiligo, bullous pemphigoid, alopecia areata, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and pernicious anaemia.
It also occurs in healthy blood relatives of patients with autoimmune diseases, suggesting it is genetically determined.
Here it is proposed that this CD8+ T-cell deficiency underlies the development of chronic autoimmune diseases by impairing CD8+ T-cell control of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, with the result that EBV-infected autoreactive B cells accumulate in the target organ where they produce pathogenic autoantibodies and provide costimulatory survival signals to autoreactive T cells which would otherwise die in the target organ by activation-induced apoptosis.
Autoimmunity is postulated to evolve in the following steps: (1) CD8+ T-cell deficiency, (2) primary EBV infection, (3) decreased CD8+ T-cell control of EBV, (4) increased EBV load and increased anti-EBV antibodies, (5) EBV infection in the target organ, (6) clonal expansion of EBV-infected autoreactive B cells in the target organ, (7) infiltration of autoreactive T cells into the target organ, and (8) development of ectopic lymphoid follicles in the target organ.
It is also proposed that deprivation of sunlight and vitamin D at higher latitudes facilitates the development of autoimmune diseases by aggravating the CD8+ T-cell deficiency and thereby further impairing control of EBV.
The hypothesis makes predictions which can be tested, including the prevention and successful treatment of chronic autoimmune diseases by controlling EBV infection.
نمط استشهاد جمعية علماء النفس الأمريكية (APA)
Pender, Michael P.. 2012. CD8+ T-Cell Deficiency, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Steps to Autoimmunity : A Unifying Hypothesis. Autoimmune Diseases،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-453042
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الأمريكية للغات الحديثة (MLA)
Pender, Michael P.. CD8+ T-Cell Deficiency, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Steps to Autoimmunity : A Unifying Hypothesis. Autoimmune Diseases No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-453042
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية (AMA)
Pender, Michael P.. CD8+ T-Cell Deficiency, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Steps to Autoimmunity : A Unifying Hypothesis. Autoimmune Diseases. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-453042
نوع البيانات
مقالات
لغة النص
الإنجليزية
الملاحظات
Includes bibliographical references
رقم السجل
BIM-453042
قاعدة معامل التأثير والاستشهادات المرجعية العربي "ارسيف Arcif"
أضخم قاعدة بيانات عربية للاستشهادات المرجعية للمجلات العلمية المحكمة الصادرة في العالم العربي
تقوم هذه الخدمة بالتحقق من التشابه أو الانتحال في الأبحاث والمقالات العلمية والأطروحات الجامعية والكتب والأبحاث باللغة العربية، وتحديد درجة التشابه أو أصالة الأعمال البحثية وحماية ملكيتها الفكرية. تعرف اكثر