Trends in Roll-Your-Own Smoking : Findings from the ITC Four-Country Survey (2002–2008)
المؤلفون المشاركون
Shahab, Lion
Yong, Hua-Hie
Young, David
Cummings, K. Michael
Borland, Ron
Wilson, Nick
Hammond, David
المصدر
Journal of Environmental and Public Health
العدد
المجلد 2012، العدد 2012 (31 ديسمبر/كانون الأول 2012)، ص ص. 1-7، 7ص.
الناشر
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
تاريخ النشر
2012-05-13
دولة النشر
مصر
عدد الصفحات
7
التخصصات الرئيسية
الملخص EN
Objective.
To establish the trends in prevalence, and correlates, of roll-your-own (RYO) use in Canada, USA, UK and Australia, 2002–2008.
Methods.
Participants were 19,456 cigarette smokers interviewed during the longitudinal International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four-Country Survey in Canada, USA, UK, and Australia.
Results.
“Predominant” RYO use (i.e., >50% of cigarettes smoked) increased significantly in the UK and USA as a proportion of all cigarette use (both P<.001) and in all countries as a proportion of any RYO use (all P<.010).
Younger, financially stressed smokers are disproportionately contributing to “some” use (i.e., ≤50% of cigarettes smoked).
Relative cost was the major reason given for using RYO, and predominant RYO use is consistently and significantly associated with low income.
Conclusions.
RYO market trends reflect the price advantages accruing to RYO (a product of favourable taxation regimes in some jurisdictions reinforced by the enhanced control over the amount of tobacco used), especially following the impact of the Global Financial Crisis; the availability of competing low-cost alternatives to RYO; accessibility of duty-free RYO tobacco; and tobacco industry niche marketing strategies.
If policy makers want to ensure that the RYO option does not inhibit the fight to end the tobacco epidemic, especially amongst the disadvantaged, they need to reduce the price advantage, target additional health messages at (young) RYO users, and challenge niche marketing of RYO by the industry.
نمط استشهاد جمعية علماء النفس الأمريكية (APA)
Young, David& Yong, Hua-Hie& Borland, Ron& Shahab, Lion& Hammond, David& Cummings, K. Michael…[et al.]. 2012. Trends in Roll-Your-Own Smoking : Findings from the ITC Four-Country Survey (2002–2008). Journal of Environmental and Public Health،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-469570
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الأمريكية للغات الحديثة (MLA)
Young, David…[et al.]. Trends in Roll-Your-Own Smoking : Findings from the ITC Four-Country Survey (2002–2008). Journal of Environmental and Public Health No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-469570
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية (AMA)
Young, David& Yong, Hua-Hie& Borland, Ron& Shahab, Lion& Hammond, David& Cummings, K. Michael…[et al.]. Trends in Roll-Your-Own Smoking : Findings from the ITC Four-Country Survey (2002–2008). Journal of Environmental and Public Health. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-469570
نوع البيانات
مقالات
لغة النص
الإنجليزية
الملاحظات
Includes bibliographical references
رقم السجل
BIM-469570
قاعدة معامل التأثير والاستشهادات المرجعية العربي "ارسيف Arcif"
أضخم قاعدة بيانات عربية للاستشهادات المرجعية للمجلات العلمية المحكمة الصادرة في العالم العربي
تقوم هذه الخدمة بالتحقق من التشابه أو الانتحال في الأبحاث والمقالات العلمية والأطروحات الجامعية والكتب والأبحاث باللغة العربية، وتحديد درجة التشابه أو أصالة الأعمال البحثية وحماية ملكيتها الفكرية. تعرف اكثر