Effect of domestic sewage on water quality of Al-Gharraf River in Al-Haay city

العناوين الأخرى

تأثير مياه الصرف المجاري المحلية على نوعية المياه نهر الفرات في مدينة الحي

مقدم أطروحة جامعية

al-Mayyah, Wisam Thamir Jabbar

مشرف أطروحة جامعية

al-Azzawi, Muhammad Nafi Ali

أعضاء اللجنة

Karim, Hashim H.
al-Rashid, Khalid A.
Rabi, Adil Mishan

الجامعة

جامعة بغداد

الكلية

كلية العلوم

القسم الأكاديمي

قسم علوم الحياة

دولة الجامعة

العراق

الدرجة العلمية

ماجستير

تاريخ الدرجة العلمية

2013

الملخص الإنجليزي

The aim of the present study is to know the effect of raw sewage from the Al-Haay city on some of the chemical, physical and bacteriological properties of Al-Gharraf River.

The Al-Gharraf River located in the south-eastern sector of Iraq and surrounded by vast and agricultural lands.

The river receives most of the wastewater coming from many activities including industrial, agricultural, and domestic wastewater.

Associated with the development of the area, the increase of pollutants into the river has been a recent cause for alarm.

Five sampling stations were selected along the Al-Gharraf River .The first is located at 2 km of AL-Haay City as a control.

The second is situated at a distance of 2 km away from the first and represented sewage discharge station.The Station 3 was about 2 km from station 2 represented the raw water uptake of AL-Bashaer station for drinking water.The station 4 was about 4 km from station 2 and the last station is located at 8 km apart from the second station.

Monthly sampling was carried out from October 2012 till July 2013,two samples were taken each month .

The results obtained showed that the values of turbidity , Electrical conductivity, salinity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, dissolved oxygen , biological oxygen demand , total Hardness , chlorides, sulphate , nitrate, phosphate , total bacterial count, total coliform bacteria, Faecal coliform, total Streptococcus and faecal Streptococcus in the river were found to be higher at autumn and winter and lower at spring and summer.

II This study has found that: Air and water temperature values varied from 16-42 and 11-31 0C respectively.

Also,water current values were varied from 0.37-0.81 m/sec, electrical conductivity values varied from 825-1450 μs/cm with Salinity 0.52-0.93 ppt, The total dissolved solid 545.3 – 957 mg / L, Total suspended solid values ranging from 38-278 mg / L with turbidity 30-177 NTU.

It was found that the waters of Al-Gharraf River is alkalinity with pH ranged between 7.03 - 8.3 with a reasonable ventilation as the oxygen values recorded varied monthly at winter months 6.3-10.38 mg / L .

The biological oxygen demand values were found to be higher at some stations 1 -7.01 mg / L .

The total hardness ranged between 306- 496 mg/L, The chlorides values varied from 89-184.6 mg / L, the sulphate values ranged between 172.42 - 360 mg/L.

Nitrate values varied from 5.7 -15.

76 mg/L, and the phosphate values ranged between 0.50 -0.13 mg/L.

The study results also showed that the heavy metals concentrations (cadmium, lead and zinc) were 0.001-0.099 ppm, 0.004- 0.32 ppm and 0.025- 1.1 ppm, respectively.

Concentrations of these metals of Al-Gharraf River showed seasonal variations during the study period and they are exceeding permissible limits for Iraqi standard specifications and WHO standard for drinking water except Zn .

This study has shown that the highest total bacterial count was recorded at the fifth station during winter 2013 was 75000 cell/1ml , whereas the lowest value was found during summer 2013 was 100 cfu/1ml.

Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform bacterial counts were ranged between 290-34000 cfu /100 ml and 220-33000 cfu/100 ml , respectively.

However, total streptococcus and faecal streptococcus counts were 230 -32600 cfu/100 ml and 200-21000 cfu/100 ml , respectively.

التخصصات الرئيسية

علوم الأرض و المياه و البيئة

الموضوعات

• التلوث
• الصرف الصحي
• مياه الصرف الصحي
• المياه
• العراق
• الجوانب البيئية

عدد الصفحات

124

قائمة المحتويات

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

لغة النص

الإنجليزية

نوع البيانات

رسائل جامعية

رقم السجل

BIM-598261