Utilizing of remote sensing and GIS for desertification monitoring in the agricultural areas, part of Iraq

العناوين الأخرى

استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد و نظم المعلومات الجغرافية لرصد التصحر في المناطق الزراعية، جزء من العراق

مقدم أطروحة جامعية

al-Azzawi, Fadiyah Waddah

مشرف أطروحة جامعية

Hasan, Qutaybah Muhammad
Ali, Salih Mahdi
Mahdi, Ala Suud

الجامعة

جامعة بغداد

الكلية

كلية العلوم

القسم الأكاديمي

قسم الفيزياء

دولة الجامعة

العراق

الدرجة العلمية

دكتوراه

تاريخ الدرجة العلمية

2013

الملخص الإنجليزي

The increasing rate of desertification on a wide global scale is one of the most important problems suffered by the world these days.

One of the most important factors affecting the widening of the phenomenon of desertification is climate changes; therefore, some of these changes have been selected and investigated in this study (e.g.

temperature, evaporation, relative humidity, and rainfall).

The selected climate data have been collected from many of climate monitoring stations scattered over an area of Iraq (e.g.

Mosul, Kirkuk, Ramadi, Khanaqin, Baghdad, Karbala, Najaf, Nasyria, and Basra).

Several statistical methods have been applied to demonstrate the impact of these factors on the problem of desertification and to determine the relationship between them.

Evaporation and humidity coefficients have also calculated and used for each monitoring station.

The south west of Iraq is the dry to very dry region, for this reason these regions have been chosen in this study.

The Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) kriging-based techniques have been frequently used for local analysis and surface mapping.

Field studies have been conducted in November and December 2012 to collect soil samples from different locations of the study area, the samples have been analyzed to measure the acidic amount contained in these samples.

The performance of conventional statistics showed that soil pH has a low variation in this study.

The locations of the collected samples have been dropped on the map of the area, using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques.

The geographic coordinates of the collected samples have been measured by utilizing a handled Global Positioning System (GPS) device, for the purpose of diagnosing the differences between the actual location of the land and the location in the satellite images.

IIIII ABSTRACT Satellite imagery (Landsat) for the south west of Iraq has been used, for the time period from 1990 to 2010, to monitor the ocurred changes in land cover of the study area in these periods.

Landsat images of the sensors (TM-1990, TM-2000, and ETM + -2010) have been adopted to achieve the study, to study the expansion of desertification in the region of study and to compare among the factors leading to it.

Three types of classification methods have been used to classify areas of these images; these were: Supervised Classification method, Unsupervised Classification method, and the classification based on Scatterplot Scheme.

Five adopted categories have been adopted to perform the classification process; i.e.

Water area, Wet Vegetation area, Dry Vegetation area, Moist Soil area, and Dry Soil area.

The study relied in its analyses on a series of indicators related to the plants spectral (i.e.

Vegetation Indices), which represents transformations of the spectral bands that illustrate the difference between the vegetation and soil.

The output of this project is; images, maps, and charts viewing the expansion in the phenomenon of desertification in the study area.

The results from this study lead to that there is a direct relationship between desertification and the climatic factors and the results from field observation show that there are revealed different signs of desertification and land degradation in the study area as judged by change in patterns of land use and land cover types, this changes indicated that there is a decreasing of farming land, vegetation cover, and increasing in sandy soil and sand dunes around and inside the study area.

التخصصات الرئيسية

علوم الأرض و المياه و البيئة
تاريخ و جغرافيا

الموضوعات

• التصحر
• التغيرات المناخية
• العراق
• الاستشعار عن بعد
• نظم المعلومات الجغرافية
• الجوانب البيئية

عدد الصفحات

136

قائمة المحتويات

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

لغة النص

الإنجليزية

نوع البيانات

رسائل جامعية

رقم السجل

BIM-607679