Hydrological and hydrogeological analysis of northeast missan governorate, south of Iraq using geographic information system

العناوين الأخرى

التحليل الهيدرلوجي و الهيدروجيولوجي لمنطقة شمال شرق ميسان، جنوب العراق باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية

مقدم أطروحة جامعية

al-Shammarii, Ala Muhsin Atiyyah

مشرف أطروحة جامعية

al-Jabbari, Miqdad Ali H.
al-Shamma, Aysar Muhammad

أعضاء اللجنة

al-Ani, Muhammad Y.
Salman, Hasan H.
al-Dabbas, Mutazz Abd al-Sattar Muhammad
al-Kubaysi, Qusayy Yasin
Kubba, Faris A.

الجامعة

جامعة بغداد

الكلية

كلية العلوم

القسم الأكاديمي

قسم علوم الأرض

دولة الجامعة

العراق

الدرجة العلمية

دكتوراه

تاريخ الدرجة العلمية

2011

الملخص الإنجليزي

The study area is located in the northeastern of Missan governorate, south of Iraq between (320325.52-323030) latitude and (470521.16-474053.52) longitude.

It encompasses an area of (1856 km2).

The topographic elevation ranges from (7 – 230) m.

The area is crossed by two ephemeral streams namely, Teeb and Dewereg.

The source of both is Iran territory.

The average discharges of both streams are variable depending on rainfall.

Both streams attained maximum flows during winter months (January through March), while the minimum flows occur during summer months.

The climate of the study area is characterized by hot, dry summer, cold winter and pleasant spring and fall.

Approximately 90% of the annual rainfall occurs between November and April, most of it occur in the winter months of December to March.

The remaining six months are dry and hot.

Four land use/ land cover classes are recognized in the study area: Shrub land, Barren land, grass and pasture, and grass land.

These classes occupy 82%, 13%, 3%, and 2% from the study area, respectively.

According to the USDA soil classification system, four hydrological soil groups are recognized in the study area: A, B, C, and D with 10%, 52%, 33%, and 5%, respectively.

The high percentage extension of moderate infiltration group (B and C) linked with high water holding capacity ( 18.2 cm) ensure that most of the infiltrated water goes to the plant demands and evapotranspiration.

According to the conceptual model of the study area, the aquifer system within the area is subdivided into three aquifers: shallow, main, and artesian.

These aquifers are separated by two less permeable aquitards the hydraulic characteristics of which are unknown.

Hydraulic conductivity values of the Quaternary deposits range (0.5-15.5 m/d) and less than that for Tertiary (2-25 m/d).

Transmissivity parameter also increases from south to north, indication capability of aquifer to transmit water in this direction.

The flow direction as inferred from the map of groundwater heads is from northeast to southeast similar to topographic elevation trend.

The north and northeast areas of the study area represent the recharge zone while the south and southwest areas represent discharge zone.

The soil conservation service curve number method is used for estimating generated runoff volume from daily rainfall.

The application of the SCS-NC method shows that the average annual surface runoff depth is 0.36 mm.

The classical and refined chloride mass balance methods for groundwater recharge estimation demonstrate that net recharge for main groundwater aquifer in the study area is 1.82 mm and 1.83 mm, respectively.

The amount of annual recharge is computed as 3  106 m3.

Evaluation of groundwater vulnerability of main aquifer in the study area for general and pesticides contaminants is achieved by using the most common vulnerability method namely DRASTIC model.

The obtained results related to the vulnerability to general contaminants show that the study area to be characterized by three vulnerability zones: very low, low, and moderate.

The pesticides DRASTIC index map shows that study area is characterized by three zones of vulnerability too: low, moderate, and high.

The groundwater potential analysis of the study area using principle component analysis, analytic hierarchy process, and GIS reveals three distinct zones representing high, moderate, and low groundwater availability.

For design an optimal groundwater level monitoring system Ordinary Kriging interpolation technique is used.

As stated by this analysis, 21 observation wells are favorable to monitor groundwater heads from the consideration of cost and benefit.

Analysis of installation cost of monitoring system shows that the average cost of installing 21 piezometers in the study area is 53000 US$.

Generally, cost of installation for most of the study area is low

التخصصات الرئيسية

علوم الأرض و المياه و البيئة

عدد الصفحات

189

قائمة المحتويات

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

لغة النص

الإنجليزية

نوع البيانات

رسائل جامعية

رقم السجل

BIM-609236