Hydro chemical and isotopic study of water resources between Haditha Dam and site of al-Baghdadi Dam

العناوين الأخرى

دراسة هيدروكيميائية و نظائرية للموارد المائية بين سد حديثة و موقع سد البغدادي

مقدم أطروحة جامعية

al-Paruani, Kamal Barazan Nada

مشرف أطروحة جامعية

al-Kubaysi, Qusayy Yasin
Ali, Kamal Karim

أعضاء اللجنة

Abd Allah, Thair H.
Ali, Sawsan M.
al-Dabbas, Mutazz Abd al-Sattar Muhammad
al-Shamma, Aysar Muhammad
Salih, Sabbar A.

الجامعة

جامعة بغداد

الكلية

كلية العلوم

القسم الأكاديمي

قسم علوم الأرض

دولة الجامعة

العراق

الدرجة العلمية

دكتوراه

تاريخ الدرجة العلمية

2013

الملخص الإنجليزي

The present study aims at focusing on the study water resources of the area between Haditha dam and the proposed site of Al-Baghdadi Dam.

A combination of Hydrochemical and environmental isotopes analyses are used to describe the basic information on the origin, age, salinity and mixing between groundwater and surface water in study area.

The study area is located within the western part of Al-Anbar governorate between Haditha Dam and Al-Baghdadi Dam within the latitudes 33° 51´ 54″ -34° 19´ 00″ North and longitudes 42° 15´ 49″ - 42° 40´ 18″ East.

The catchment area is 320 km2.

Sampling and field parameter measurements for (28) groundwater samples and (7) from surface water ( Haditha Reservoir and the Euphrates river) have been carried out in two stages (i) during the dry season (August 2011) and (ii) during the wet season (March 2012).

Rainwater samples were also collected from (18) stations distribute throughout Iraq during December 2011 to January and March 2012.

The quality of groundwater within the study area has varying concentrations during the monitoring periods.

Hydrochemistry analysis indicate that groundwater has higher concentration of TDS, Ec, T.H, Na+, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+,Cl- ,SO4= and HCO3- than that of Haditha Reservoir and the Euphrates River.

A wide range of TDS is exhibited by the groundwater (from 1870-32000 ppm ) and about 75% of the samples have TDS values above the desirable recommended limit (3000 ppm) during Augut,2011 and about 56% have TDS values above the desirable limit during the March,2012.

Chemical analysis of surface water samples shows considerable variations and affected to the temperature, Ec, TDS, TSS, cations and anions.

Hydrochemical analysis of rainwater samples shows that the concentration of Ca is dominant as a major cation and chloride is dominant as a major anion.

In the current study the chemical composition of rainwater samples is affected by evaporation, in addition to the effect of the dust storms in the region.

Stable isotopes (18 O, 2H) and radioisotopes (3H) are used to study the hydrological aspects of water resources in the study area as well as the isotopic composition of rainwater in Iraq.

The relationship between (δ2H, δ18O) contents in rainwater samples are used to define the initial Iraq meteoric water line (IMWL), according to the equation: 7.573 δ18 O + 11.97.

This relationship is close to the MWL equation of some riparian countries.

Iraqi meteoric water line is similar to global meteoric water line GMWL 8 δ18 O + 10), Altitude effect is represented by the depletion of heavy stable isotopes (δ2H, δ18O) in rain water, by about (-3.7%) and (-0.5%) per meter elevation, respectively.

Isotopic composition of groundwater, collected from the study area show that the values range from -7.26‰ to -3.92‰ for δ 18O and from -45.88‰ to-27.70‰ for δ 2H.

The mean is about -5.521 ‰ and -33.15‰, in oxygène-18 and deuterium, respectively.

The variation of δ2H, δ18O signature of groundwater in the study area is caused mainly by variation in isotopic composition of recharge water zone and mixing water.

Stable isotope values measured in surface water range from -7.02‰ to -6.3 ‰ for δ 18O and from -44.65 ‰ to -39.76 ‰ for δ 2H.

The water samples were also subjected to stable isotopic analyses (deuterium and oxygen -18 ratios) to determine the mixing between surface water and groundwater.

Depending on 18O, Ec relationship.

The salinity of groundwater under study is affected by Evaporation processes.

The ranges of tritium values in surface water and groundwater in the study are (6.4-7), (0.3-6.5) TU, respectively, while the range of tritium in rainwater samples throughout Iraq is (3.2-6.9) TU.

The data of tritium content in the water samples, as an environmental radioisotopes tracer, is used to estimate the age of groundwater and the mean water residence time of surface water.

The results show that the groundwater samples collected from the wells close to the River has modern age (5 to 10) yrs, whereas, the remaining wells of the study area have a sub modern age (prior to 1952).

The mean residence time of the water of Euphrates River and Haditha Reservoir is about (2-3years), (201days), respectively.

Finally, the groundwater quality of the study area is unsuitable for drinking, industrial and building purposes if it is used without any prior pre treatment, according to standards WHO, (2009) and IQS, (2008).

It could be used for irrigation and agriculture purpose with some limitation.

Generally, geological condition, contamination and salinity are serious problems in study area.

التخصصات الرئيسية

علوم الأرض و المياه و البيئة

عدد الصفحات

178

قائمة المحتويات

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

لغة النص

الإنجليزية

نوع البيانات

رسائل جامعية

رقم السجل

BIM-609465