Studies on adsorptive removal of some heavy metal ions by calix [4] resorcinol

الملخص EN

Five fatty hydroxamic acids (FHAs) were synthesized by refluxing of vegetable oils, namely corn, olive, palm, soybean, and sunflower oil with hydroxylamine hydrochloride.

The FHAs was synthesized by three different methods depending on the form of the fatty acids used, i.e., free fatty acid, methyl and ethyl fatty ester or raw oil.

The efficiency of FHAs synthesized from methyl and ethyl ester was very high, because it gives good yield and pure product.

These acids were characterized using the complex formation test of hydroxamic acid group with zinc(I), copper(II) and iron(III), elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

The adsorption of these five FHAs onto bentonite (BT) and kaolinite (KT)clays was investigated using a series of batch adsorption experiments.

The presentstudy primarily focuses on the adsorption kinetics to modify BT and KT clays.

Four adsorption kinetic models were tested for the adsorption of FHAs onto BT and KT clay surfaces.

In order to investigate the mechanism of these five fatty hydroxamic acids adsorption, characteristic constants of adsorption were determined using a pseudo-first order equation of Lagergren, a pseudo-second order equation, Elovich equation and intraparticle diffusion model.