ثقافة الحوار مع الأخرين في نماذج من الأدب الجاهلي

الملخص EN

One of the prominent characteristics of the Arab in the pre-Islamic era is his awareness of the culture of dialogue.

The Arab is a strong defender of his rights, usually converses with himself and the other.

His dialogue with himself is a clear evidence of his attempt to see things from different perspectives.

In addition, his dialogue with the other is an evidence of his tolerance with the other.

The other can be his wife with whom he always talks, or his daughter to whom he listens together her complaints.

One can also say that the other is his own camel with which he feels and teaches how to speak, just like what Al-Muthaqqeb Al-Abdi and ‘Antarah did.

The other can also be the kings whom he visits, as found in the travel literature of Al-Nabigha Al- Thubiani, ‘Alqamah bin ‘Abadah, and Al-Muthaqqeb Al-Abdi.

The other can also be the trader in the market, as found in Al-Shammakh.

Finally, the other can be everything around him, like the ruins and the night.

Through dialogue, the Arab was able to argue.

God (Subhanahu wa Ta’ala) says in his holy Book"They are good in argument.” He also says:"You will know them from the way they speak” and His saying:"If they speak, you will listen to them.” If we study the verses of the Holy Qur’an, we will find that many of these verses talk about dialogue and its various related issues, like argument and dispute, which logically indicates that Arabs were people who believe in dialogue and having different opinions.

The Almighty God says:"Some of His many pieces of evidence are creating the skies, the earth, and your different languages and colors.” God makes difference a proof of his control over the whole universe, in which all ideas integrate, all opinions vary, thought strengthened, and arguments transcend.

If this is how things are, the Almighty God revealed the Holy Qur’an to Arabs to challenge them.

He will not challenge them with something that they do not understand.

Depending on these ideas, this study attempts to shed light on the culture of dialogue and its related issues in the pre-Islamic literature, both its prose and poetry.

The study will cite different texts to prove its main argument and to emphasize what is revealed in the Holy Qur’an.

The main aim of this study is to remove the accusation that Arabs in general, and Pre-Islamic Arabs in particular, are ignorant people.

On the contrary, Arabs are those who emphasize the importance of the culture of dialogue with other people and with everything around them.

Arabs are those who strengthen this culture and spread it among themselves.

Islam came to emphasize this culture and complete it.

Our proof for all those who deny this is the argument we have seen between the different tribes, its individuals, and chiefs.

Another proof is the democracy (Shura) that our prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) comes up with in Badr battle and other occasions.

All this makes our response to those who accuse our nation with extremism, discrimination, and not tolerating the other.