قراءة في الفلسفة التحليلية المعاصرة

الملخص EN

This research is a study for The school of analytic philosophy has dominated academic philosophy in various regions, most notably Great Britain and the United States, since the early twentieth century.

It originated around the turn of the twentieth century as G.

E.

Moore and Bertrand Russell broke away from what was then the dominant school in the British universities, Absolute Idealism.

Many would also include Gottlob Frege as a founder of analytic philosophy in the late 19th century, and this controversial issue is discussed in section 2c.

When Moore and Russell articulated their alternative to Idealism, they used a linguistic idiom, frequently basing their arguments on the “meanings” of terms and propositions.

Additionally, Russell believed that the grammar of natural language often is philosophically misleading, and that the way to dispel the illusion is to re-express propositions in the ideal formal language of symbolic logic, thereby revealing their true logical form.

Because of this emphasis on language, analytic philosophy was widely, though perhaps mistakenly, taken to involve a turn toward language as the subject matter of philosophy, and it was taken to involve an accompanying methodological turn toward linguistic analysis.

Thus, on the traditional view, analytic philosophy was born in this linguistic turn.

The linguistic conception of philosophy was rightly seen as novel in the history of philosophy.

For this reason analytic philosophy is reputed to have originated in a philosophical revolution on the grand scale—not merely in a revolt against British Idealism, but against traditional philosophy on the whole