Polymorphism of aldose reductase gene and susceptibility for developing diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

الملخص EN

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be defined as damage to microvascular system in the retina due to prolonged hyperglycaemia , the major systemic risk factors for onset and progression of DR is duration of diabetes .

In this study we try to study the possible candidate genes that may contributed for developing and progression of diabetic retinopathy, mainly polymorphism of aldose reductase gene and its roles in developing diabetic retinopathy.

Polymorphism of C/T at -106 region of aldose reductase gene were studied by conventional polymerase reaction (PCR) and Restrictive fragment length polymorphism by restrictive endunuclase .

We have investigated the C / T polymorphism at the promoter region of the ALR gene as a candidate gene for susceptibility to diabetic Retinopathy and found that CC genotype was( 27 %) in non retinopathy , and in diabetic retinopathy was(56 %) .

The calculating odd ratio for CC genotype as risk factor with developing diabetic retinopathy was (3.5), and for C allele frequency the odd ratio was 2.9 which meaning that CC genotype is associated with increased risk for possibility of developing DRP and represented risk factor for developing DRP among type 2 diabetes mellitus .

The prevalence of bad glycemic control as indicated by HbA1c among diabetic retinopathy patients and diabetic control groups are 70 % and 58 % respectively which proved that poor glycemic control for a long duration has a role in developing and progression of diabetic retinopathy .