Toxopathological and immunotoxical effects of thiamethoxam in white mice

الملخص EN

The purpose of this research is to study the reactions resulting from the vaccinations program of broilers by the live attenuated and killed Newcastle disease vaccine where they were taking two broiler chicken halls in Mosul city that different in their Newcastle disease vaccine program.

The first hall in Qayyarah place, the number of chicks breeding are 2400 chicks of Rose sweat, which was use the live attenuated vaccine against Newcastle disease twice first time in age of 7 days and the second time at age of 18 days by drinking water, while the second hall was in the area of Talafar, the number of chicks breeding are 2500 chicks of Rose sweat and which was use the killed vaccine in 3 days old by subcutaneous injection and live attenuated vaccine by drinking water in age 10 days.The level of antibodies formed after each vaccination are estimated by heamagglutination inhibition test.

The blood samples were collected from the first hall in aged 10 and 21 days while the second hall has been collecting blood samples in aged 13 and 15 days.

Blood was collected by slaughter route from five chicks in each time to making the test.

Organ samples (Spleen, Bursa of Fabricia and Thymus) were collected during slaughtering chicks in the same ages.

The results of heamagglutination inhibition test showed significant difference between the two vaccination programs where the correlation coefficient R2 of the first program are 0.157 and adjusted R2 0.052 at the level of probability (P <0.05) The second program was the correlation coefficient R2 0.006 and adjusted R2 0.049 at the level of probability (P <0.05), where that the vaccination program of the first hall are better than the vaccination program of second hall.

The histopathological study of samples which taken from first hall in the spleen showed presence of congestion of blood vessels in the red pulp with the presence of edema , in bursa of Fabricia presence hemorrhage in the pulp for some follicles also noted an increase in lymphocytes in the pulp as well as edema between the lobes at age (21) days, in Thymus observed changes at age (21) days was the presence of bleeding inside the pulp, while the second hall was observed in the Spleen and Bursa of Fabricia just did not show any changes in the Thymus and the changes showed after second vaccination, the spleen was observed at (15) days increased lymphocytes in the white pulp and in Bursa of Fabricia are observed at age (15) days show bleeding between the lobes and inside the pulp with the depletion of lymphocytes in the pulp.

We conclude from this study that given the live attenuated vaccine for Newcastle disease to broiler chicken at the beginning of breeding is better than giving the killed vaccine so where lead to rise the level of immunity of the chicks against the Newcastle disease, as well as the use of two type of Newcastle disease vaccine (live attenuated and killed) leads to occurrence the histological changes in the lymphoid organs (Spleen and Bursa of Fabricia and Thymus).