التنظيم الدستوري للديمقراطية التوافقية في المجتمعات التعددية : دراسة مقارنة

الملخص EN

Abstract If democracy is aimed at implementing the will of the majority, the consensual democracy aims to achieve the will of the majority as well, but the majority is a majority described ,not relativity .The reason for this is that the results of political representation will depend in pluralistic societies mostly on national, religious and sectarian affiliation, and this leads to the existence of a majority and a minority constant can not be with the presence of rotation of power, but the group or a particular component, and this may push the minority or minorities to the behavior of other ways up to violence to force the other parties to give them a reasonable amount in the state administration and the devolution of power.By studying the compatibility tests for the four countries of the European pluralism (Switzerland, the Netherlands, Austria and Belgium) to Arend Lijphart theory carried out summary of the common elements in these experiments.

and found that it also applies to other experiments such as the Canadian or Lebanese or others.

Lijphart found to need to be in a coalition government after the plurality states found that coalition governments are the solution was applied even in non-pluralistic countries in some of the political crisis.

And felt the need to grant minorities the right to veto any law that contradicts the vital interests including custom veto minority or mutual veto.

And follows the system of proportional representation in the elections to prevent the removal of a small-sized groups, as well as give them a degree of autonomy or sector, which is similar to a federal solution followed in some cases near pluralism, while ensuring that the independence will be geographically and personally.

Assures Lijphart well as the need to provide for some of the mechanisms in the Constitution, with the possibility to be the norm if politically feasible respect and application.

Do not benefit from the text without the commitment and application and by faith.

Otherwise can not blame them different claims, and that may be true some of them, but it is a possible solution and viable, and an inhibitor of the claim and to seek separation and fragmentation.