مدينة بيكندر : دراسة في جغرافيتها التاريخية و أسباب تأخر الفتح الإسلامي لها

الملخص EN

BEKND city is considered one of the important city belonging to BUKHARA, an important and the biggest in the region of BILAD MAWARA AL-NAHIR.

It was known for its economical, political, and historical importance., for it was a large governmental and trade center , of great wealth.

It was labeled as ( Merchants City).

Where its people work as trade agents in the great silk trade, between the Chinese Empire , in the East, and the west Asian Cities.

This city was always represented the West South gate of BILAD MAWRA AL-HAHIR, and it is an ancient one.

Although it is a small in comparison with other cities of this region, BILAD MAWRA AL-NAHIR, but Islamists conquerors had confronted remarkable difficulties during the conquering operations.

This research aims to shed light on the historical geography of this city and the reason behind the delay of Islamic conquer of it.