العمارة المدنية في العصر الأموي (قصور الخلفاء الأمويين)‎ (661 م-749 م)‎

الملخص EN

The study deals with the civil architecture of the Umayyad period (661-749).

It reviewed the most important palaces of the Umayyad caliphs according to the historical sequence of the Umayyad caliphs.

The location of these palaces is in Al-Sham Badia، and its distinctive strategic location، which undoubtedly had the effect of accelerating the Umayyad architectural achievements because of the easy and safe movement of the Umayyads and the methods and materials used in construction.

The study aimed to highlight the great role played by the Umayyads in establishing a new architectural art، which is of a special character، derived from several arts، after they took what suits them and modifies others، in addition to the purpose of the Umayyads’ choosing the desert to build their palaces.

In the study، the historical descriptive analytical method was used، because it is suitable for this research، since the article is derived from historical sources and references، which focused on the Umayyad palaces and the role of the Umayyad caliphs in the development of Islamic architecture.

The study concluded with several results، the most important of which are: That the Umayyad palaces، despite the impregnable system that appears on it، but it took the spiritual side in the architecture by following the layout of the house of the Prophet.

The methods and techniques of construction and construction in the desert palaces have been subjected to the nature of the materials used and the climatic necessities.

The decorations used by the Umayyads in their palaces were influenced by classical، Sassanian and Byzantine origins.

The decorations used in the Umayyad palaces were considered the basis on which the art of Arabesque was later developed.

The study made several recommendations، the most important of which are: To provide a suitable scientific background in this field through research and other studies.

To promote and benefit from the deficiencies، and thus to develop the archaeological sector as an important economic and cultural resource.

Raising cultural awareness، through the media، of the importance of our archaeological heritage as an important witness to the heritage and authenticity of Islamic civilization.