Use of GIS and remote sensing techniques to study the ecological zones of Sudan in 2017

الملخص EN

The African grate Sahara desert replaced the Sudano - Sahelean ecological zone.

The main objective of this study is to study and map the ecological zones of Sudan with special attention to the desert ecological zone.

The hyposesis is that a change may be occurred in the past location of the desert boundary in Sudan as a part of this problem.

Different GIS methods as Map geo referencing, extract multi values to points, image classification and remote sensing investigations and interpretations techniques as supervised or unsupervised classifications beside visual interpretation were used in asset of produced Sudan maps.

The results showed that many changes were happened due to two main phenomenon acting together in the same direction in these Eco zones through history.

In addition, the adverse effect of the separation of these ecozones in 2009 between two countries, Sudan and Southern Sudan.

Generally the humidity was decreased beside the increased of sand movement by wind from north to south and from East to West.

Thus the Desert ecological zone was extended significantly in many states of Sudan encroaching the other ecological zones.

Desert boundary was moved more to the south since observed in1930 butting the country under historical Desertification disaster.

Sustainability solutions that incorporate different decision makers national and international beside stake holders must be implemented in the Sudan Eco zones systems.

This could be a chive through wise planning using scientific knowledge and new technologies for people better life.