L’impératif entre énonciation et discours phraséologique : production et interactions structurelles

الملخص EN

As it consists in giving a linguistic description of the common expressions and the phraseologic locutions in the imperative form, this work can be seen at the same time from a grammatical angle, given that the imperative clause is a sentence like any other types of sentences, and also from another angle, as an act of language.

That is the reason why the analyses of that modality diverge according to the the results achieved.

For Emile Benveniste, when we talk about the imperative, we are « presented with a specific modality of the discourse ; the imperative is not denotative and it does not aim at communicating a content , but it has a pragmatic character and aims at acting upon the hearer, at suggesting him a particular behaviour.

The imperative is not a verb tense.

It does not include any temporal mark or any personal reference .

It is the nude semanteme used as a jussive form with a specific intonation.

We can then see that an imperative is not equivalent to a performative statement on account of neither being a statement nor being performative.

It is not a statement, since it does not aim at building a personal verb clause.

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