الإعاقة السمعية عند الأطفال أهمية المسح السمعي و مقارنة المسح عالي الخطورة بالمسح دون عوامل خطورة

الملخص EN

Background & Objective: It is evaluate the importance of early screening of hearing loss in children and newborn to detect as early as possible the degree of hearing impairment and start as soon as possible the appropriate amplification (hearing aids, cochlear implant )to prevent the consequences of hearing impairment on language acquisition, speech, psychomotor development, school achievement.

Are other objective of our screening study is a comparison between children with or without high risk factors.

The last objective is have an idea about the prevalence of hearing impairment of children in Syria Methods & Materials: A prospective cohort study was performed in the pediatric university hospital between 1/1/2013 -1/6/2014; was conducted on 600 children under 6 month old as random specimen, divided in two group: 1st group children with high risk factors to develop hearing impairment and 2ed group without risk factor.

We use DPOAE and ABR tests.

Results: Our specimen of 600 children, 227 of them(37.83%) male and 373(62.17%) female, 236 of them(39.33%) have risk factors (group I), 364 (60.67%) without risk factors.

The younger child age is 5 days and the older is 180 days(mean 75 ±13 Days) In Group I, 186/236(78%) pass the OAE.

In group II 360/364(99%) pass the OAE.ABR had done to 56 child(52 from group I and 4 from group II) The percentage of hearing impairment is 21.1%(50/236) in group I and 1% (4/364)in group II.

Them important risk factors by order of frequency were prematurity (36%), consanguineous marriage (33%) the perinatal hypoxia(18%) Conclusions: The percentage of hearing impairment in children with high risk factor is very high (21.1%) in comparison with children without high risk factors (1%).

OAE is effective and simple test for screening the hearing impairment in children and has high sensitivity for hearing loss.

We advise to use it in all maternity and pediatric hospital in Syria, specially for children with high risk factors as a first step of achievement of hearing screening for all Syrian neonates