ازدهار الوجدان في علم النفس بعد تولي سنواته العجاف

الملخص EN

There have been common divergent views among researchers about the components of human personality; however, they agreed on four of them; namely, physical, spiritual, emotional, and mental, which form the basis of modern psychology in both 19th and earlier centuries in scientific studies, researches, and clinical practices.

With the advent of the Behavioral School in the early 20th century, the perception of human personality’s components have changed.

When John Watson (1878-1958) published a research paper entitled Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it in 1913, in which he claimed that psychology should study the behavior without taking into account the mind.

Therefore, it was the beginning of the Behaviorist’s School's dominance for at least 50 years; ignoring the mental, emotional, and spiritual processes on the grounds that they can not be measured, observed, or tested.

Also, it did not regard the idea of choice and the impact of environment and surrounding factors; seeking to explain human behavior through animal behavioral practices.

However, following WWII, psychologists realized that the Behaviorist School was unable to give a realistic picture of man, and; therefore, they started to thinks about correcting the situation and restoring the other aspects of human personality to reality.

Accordingly, the Knowledge, Human, and Religious School emerged which placed the mind and spirit as important human elements.

During the eighties of the last century, emotion entered the arena of modern psychology.

Thus, the present paper intends to highlight its evolution.