التحليل الوراثي لبعض المؤشرات الوراثية للغلة الحبية و مكوناتها في هجن من القمح القاسي (Triticum durum Desf.)‎

الملخص EN

This study was carried out during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons.

Means of the six populations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of three durum wheat crosses; were used to estimate some genetic parameters.

The crosses were grown in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.

The results indicated that all the studied characters except days to heading showed significant variation (p<0.05) in all crosses.

Most of hybrids revealed desirable heterosis values compared with mid and better parents for most studied traits except for days to heading and number of spikes per plant which didn’t show any significance in all crosses.

The highest degree of heterosis for grain yield was observed in the first cross.

Results of potency ratio indicated that the inheritance of plant height, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per plant and grain yield in the cross (Douma 1 x Icajihan-1) and thousand kernel weight in the cross (Bicredaraa X H8150), and plant height and number of grains per plant in the cross (Douma 3x H8150) was controlled by over dominance towards the higher parent, while inheritance of days to heading was controlled by over dominance towards the lower parent.

Narrow sense heritability values were moderate in most of the studied traits indicating that inheritance of most studied traits was controlled by additive and non-additive gene action, suggesting that the improvement of these traits could be practiced in medium or late segregation generations.

However, narrow sense heritability values were low for the number of spikes per plant in the cross (Bicredaraa X H-8150) and cross (Douma 3x H-8150), and also thousand kernel weight and number of grains per plant in the cross (Douma 1 x Icajihan-1) and cross (Douma 3x H-8150) indicating that the inheritance was controlled by additive gene action, suggesting that the improvement of this trait could be practiced in the late segregation generations.