Assessment of the water quality index of the main drain, Iraq

الملخص EN

There are ten monitoring stations along the Main Drain course from Baghdad to Basrahcities, they were used to assess the water quality spatially and temporally.

The assessment was achieved by measuring seventeen physical and chemical variables of the water quality.

The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index was applied in this study based on three specific international guidelines.The results depict that the quality of the drinking water of the Main Drain can be classified as poor water because it ranges between (14.75 % – 46.34 %) in all river stations except in station 1 in Baghdad.

This considered as marginal indicating worst quality in river water that caused by the discharges of pollutants from agricultural runoff, sewage, domestic wastes to the water system without any treatment.

Based onthe WQI results for irrigation, which ranged from 11.65 % to 50.75 %, most water stations in river have poor classification except station 2 of Baghdad and 3 of Babylon that can be classified as marginal type.The WQIof the Main Drainfor Maintenance River Systems No.25 at 1967 can be classified as marginal in Babylon and poor in Dewaniyawith (3.57 % and 50.5 %), respectively.

The extreme using of fertilizer, pesticides and agricultural effluent towards the Main Drain River deteriorates its quality especially at downstream stations.

These results confirmpotential pollution of the Main Drain, so it is necessary to control the agriculturaland human activities to obtain a good program of the best operation of the main branched drains.