الشيخ محمد جواد الجزائري و أثره في ثورة النجف عام 1918 : دراسة في الوثائق البريطانية

الملخص EN

During the first decades of the twentieth century, many of scholars and clerics had emerged in the holy city of Najaf, they had their active contribution in public life in Iraq which had witnessed internal and external events that directly affected the socio-economic, cultural and political reality, Sheikh Mohammed Jawad Al-Jaza'iri was one of the scholars who stand over the political issues which are led down by changes that occur in the political issues in Iraq generally and in Najaf particularly.

Najaf has taken a national attitude against British occupation throughout its stay in Iraq, it was by the establishment of the Islamic Renaissance Society, which has killed Captain Marshall and the announced the revolution against the British in 1918.

Najaf revolution in 1918 had characterized that it was the first confrontation against the British occupation despite of the First World War which was still going on.

The British were aware of the seriousness of this revolution as the city of Najaf represents a great importance in the Islamic world, it is the reference center and the historical office of the Hawza.

After this revolution, important political developments on the Iraqi arena which was represented by 1920 revolution.

The revolution of Najaf has considered an important social and political event, it gives a clear picture for the society Najaf in the rejection of the occupation and standing against it, and it was the first revolution in Iraq to be declared against the British presence, however, it did not last long as the British along with their great military force had terminate the revolution.