Relationship between CD69-CD3+ ratio of activated t-cells and some immunological parameters for SLE patients

الملخص EN

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) considered as one of the chronic auto-immune multi systemic diseases affects females rather than males especially during childbearing age.

A fluctuating nature of SLE disease activity deprive this disease from any of monitoring test, at likewise both of SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) criteria or even the laboratory analyses do not confirm such disease activity, especially when a patient have normal serological results although during the disease activity (flare).

This study done as a case control study (retrospective study), where a total sample size included (86) freshly peripheral blood samples, which subdivided into: a first the disease group comprised from (66) blood samples voluntary obtained from SLE patients whose attended Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital and Al-karama teaching hospital during the period (October/2017-June/2018) after official approvals were obtained from health institutions.

however, the disease group were be divided into active group (flare) and in active group (remission) according to SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) criteria by a specialized consultant.

while the second group included (18) blood samples obtained from healthy individuals (controls) whose matched with a disease group in gender and age.

This study based on an immunological evaluation of ( CD69 upon CD3+ ratio) percentages at peripheral blood T-lymphocytes tested as SLE disease activity monitoring marker, owing to that purpose these markers (CD69/CD3+) were be isolated from freshly blood T-lymphocytes.

therefore were be analyzed by Immunophenotyping flow cytometer of multi-color immunofluorescent staining.

Whereas such ratio ( CD69 upon CD3+ marker) obtained from data analysis (CY flow is the software part of flow cytometer).

such ratio set up (CD69/CD3) test as Comparing with other laboratory analyzes to investigate the activity of SLE disease mentioned as; Anti-nuclear antibodies test, Anti-double stranded-DNA antibodies test, as well as SLE activity index scores.

Furthermore thatCD69 type II of C-lectin membrane bound receptor, described as early activation marker for T-lymphocytes, that tested for such aim while the results gave insurance about over expression of CD69 upon CD3+ T-cells for the active (flare) group with a highly significant (P value= 0.0001).While healthy controls have (P value=0.05) as having no significant level.

Also there was a hallmark among this study groups between (CD69 upon CD3+) ratio and age as intervals of (9) years, such ratio markedly elevated at (21and59 years) that have a highly significant differences (p value=0.0001), at another word systemic lupus erythematosus disease effect females at highly significant (P value= 0.0001).anti-nuclear anti bodies (ANA) test signified a positive correlation of disease group CD69 upon CD3+ blood T-cells highly significant differences (p value=0.0001) within low significant level, But (ds-DNA) test indicated low significant differences with( CD69 upon CD3+ blood T-cells ratio) of the disease group.

Moreover the most important indicative parameter for disease activity that systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index whereas the (CD69 upon CD3+) ratio a positive correlation matching with SLEDAI score for SLE disease groups, furthermore that active group registered elevated levels (mean ±SD = 30.07±1.89, and the mean=30.00) respectively at (8) and (9) scores.

In conclusion According to these results which have been showing that CD69 gave a vigorous indication as early activating marker for revealing the activity of SLE disease rather than SLEDAI which consider as a real time of the clinical manifestations appearance