إسهامات العلماء العرب و المسلمين في العلوم الجغرافية و البحار : النشأة و التطور

الملخص EN

The interest of The Arabs and Muslims in land has increased Since the establishment of the Islamic state, which arose from their interest of the Qumran’s directions of constructing land exploring land.

As they were asked to reveal Islamic among people, Islamic armies spread all over the world opening, so they had to know countries, valleys, their roods, climates, customs, traditions and features of people’s cultures.

So there had to be socialized researchers in regions’ conditions, history and All that concerns their dwellers to facilitate means of supplies and leadership.

Then came the opening with new necessities required increasing knowing regions’ geography.

We here refere, in particular, to the appearance of the terms of force and production land in the newely opened regions, and the effect of that on the income of the treasurery, as well as practical necessities needed by the nature of Islamic management to regions and the state’s policy to insure trade caravan’s roods, Pilgrims and mail.

This in addition to scientists’ travels for science and what these travel require of knowing places, roods and climate here we can say that Muslems have a remarkable role in developing what’s called geography though the beginning was in forms of books describing routes, baths, roods, countries or travels.

This can be called descriptive geography.

The ftpurishment of geography through the 4th and 5th higri centuries and 11 AB centuries depended on what geographicians introduced in the 3 H.

centary - the 9th centary AB.

So geographical science developed in this period.

So Researcher’s efforts should be directed to caring about Arab and Muslems’ contributions to geography and geographical thovghts for their impact on the coming historical eras