Management of resistance in agricultural insect pests

الملخص EN

The evolution of resistance is determined by many factors that influenced the degree of selection pressure through biological, behavioral and operational means.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) proved to be the most effective tool for management of resistance in agricultural pests.

Principals, strategies, constraints and challenges for IPM system are considered.

Another direction for management of resistance by using chemical strategies are categorized under three principal ways: (1) management by moderation through reduced dosages, application short persistent insecticides, avoidance of slow release formulation, (2) management by saturation i.e.

suppression of detoxication mechanisms by synergists, (3) management by multiple attack by using mixtures of chemicals and pesticide rotations